Osama bin Laden had assumed the kunya (teknonym) Abū ʿAbdallāh, meaning "father of Abdallah" The Arabic linguistic convention would be to refer to him as "Osama" or "Osama bin Laden", not "bin Laden" alone, as "bin Laden" is a patronymic, not a surname in the Western manner. He was named Usama, meaning "lion", after Usama ibn Zayd, one of the companions of Muhammad. "Mohammed" refers to bin Laden's father Mohammed bin Laden "Awad" refers to his grandfather, Awad bin Aboud bin Laden, a Kindite Hadhrami tribesman "Laden" refers not to bin Laden's great-grandfather, who was named Aboud, but to Aboud's father, Laden Ali al-Qahtani. Osama bin Laden's full name, Osama bin Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden, means "Osama, son of Mohammed, son of Awad, son of Laden". The spellings with o and e come from a Persian-influenced pronunciation also used in Afghanistan, where bin Laden spent many years. The decapitalization of bin is based on the convention of leaving short prepositions, articles, and patronymics uncapitalized in surnames the nasab ( patrynomic) bin means "son of". Less common English renderings include "Ussamah bin Ladin." Other spellings include "Binladen" or, as used by his family in the West, "Binladin". The FBI and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), as well as other US governmental agencies, have used either "Usama bin Laden" or "Usama bin Ladin". There is no universally accepted standard for transliterating Arabic words and Arabic names into English bin Laden's name is most frequently rendered as "Osama bin Laden". Nameįurther information: Romanization of Arabic His role in the September 11 attacks has made public opinion of him in the United States unequivocally negative. Nonetheless, his advocacy of attacking civilian targets made him a divisive figure, and in the Western world and Western culture he is reviled as a figurehead of mass murder. He was considered a war hero due to his role in successfully opposing the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan and offered an articulate voice and organizational structure to many across the region harbouring grievances against Western imperialism, often having approval ratings in some countries higher than those of national leaders. īin Laden grew to become a highly influential ideologue in the Islamic world. On, he was killed by US special operations forces at his compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan. He became the subject of a decade-long international manhunt, during which the FBI offered a $25 million (and later $50 million ) bounty on him. Bush, formally responded by invading Afghanistan and launching the war on terror. The United States, led by President George W. īin Laden masterminded the September 11 attacks, which killed nearly 3,000 people. His involvement in the 1998 United States embassy bombings landed him on the American Federal Bureau of Investigation's (FBI) lists of Ten Most Wanted Fugitives and Most Wanted Terrorists. After establishing a new base in Afghanistan, he declared a war against the United States, launching a series of bombings and other violent related attacks. He was banished from Saudi Arabia in 1991, lost his Saudi citizenship in 1994, and shifted his base to Sudan until US pressure forced him to leave in 1996. He helped to fund the Mujahideen by funneling arms, money, and fighters from the Arab world into Afghanistan, and gained popularity among many Arabs. He studied at university in the country until 1979, when he joined the Mujahideen forces in Pakistan fighting against the Soviet Union in Afghanistan. His mother, Alia Ghanem, was from a secular middle-class family in Latakia, Syria. His father was Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden, a Saudi millionaire from Hadhramaut, Yemen, and the founder of the construction company, Saudi Binladin Group. Īs a member of the wealthy Bin Laden family, Osama bin Laden was born in Saudi Arabia. Under bin Laden, Al-Qaeda was responsible for the September 11 attacks in the United States and many other mass-casualty attacks worldwide. The group is designated as a terrorist group by the United Nations Security Council, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the European Union, and various other countries. Osama bin Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden ( Arabic: أسامة بن محمد بن عوض بن لادن, romanized: Usāma bin Muḥammad bin ʿAwaḍ bin Lādin 10 March 1957 – ) was a Saudi-born militant who was the founder of the pan-Islamic militant organization al-Qaeda.
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